The hair is formed by two parts: the root and the stem.

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The living part of the hair is represented by the root, stuck in the hair follicle of the skin; the terminal part of the root, called bulb, slightly swollen, with its richly vascularized dermal papilla produces the cells that make up the hair.

 They are in fact the cells that, as they age, go to form the stem: this is how the hair grows.
The stem, or stem, is the visible part of the hair and consists in turn of an external area, called cuticle, formed by tiny scales of keratin superimposed in layers (from 6 to 10, depending on the thickness of the hair).
 
The area below, called cortical, gives the hair its color which will be more or less dark depending on the amount of melanin contained therein.

The innermost area, called the medullary, has a structure similar to a sponge and its function is not yet clear.

The free part of the hair is a non-living fabric.

At the root of the hair is also the gland that produces the sebum and introduces it into the hair follicle.

The sebum is a natural lubricant that protects the hair by preventing the opening of the keratin scales.

The hair does not grow continuously but according to a cyclic rhythm: periods of growth (anagen) alternate periods of slowing (catagen) followed by the phase (telogen) that ends with the death of the hair, which falls, while from the papilla dermal begins to form a new one.

Compared to the neighboring hair, each hair is in a different phase: if this were not the case, we would periodically witness the simultaneous fall of all hair.

As a result of the alternation of these phases about 100-200 hairs are lost daily.

This is a normal physiological phenomenon due to the natural change, which can be more accentuated under certain conditions, especially when the general conditions of the organism are not optimal (stressful situations, diseases), without this having to worry excessively: once removed the cause, the problem disappears.

When the growth mechanism is altered, a greater amount of hair enters the last phase and falls.
In these cases we talk about alopecia.

By, this term indicates in general all the conditions characterized by the thinning or complete absence of hairs in body regions in which they are normally present.

The cyclical rhythm of hair growth is influenced by several factors, including the age of the person, the mechanisms of sebaceous secretion and the amount of hormones, especially testosterone.

The action of androgen hormones in the scalp is responsible for the most common form of alopecia in humans, androgenic alopecia.

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Hair structure

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It is very important to understand your hair structure in order to be able to take care in a targeted manner.

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Many professionals tend to treat their hair all as smooth but in reality many people ignore the true nature of their hair.

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 In the hairdresser's parlance he would call it Texture, literally it means visible and tactile appearance of a surface in the case of hair it can be: smooth, just moved, very moved and curly.

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Depending on your texture we should find the methods and ingredients that can help us keep our hair healthy and shiny.

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 To give an example, a person with straight hair will have a different routine from one with curly hair.

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The shape of the hair also depends on how the hair follicle or the root of the hair is implanted in the skin.

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 As I said earlier the hair can all appear straight, wavy or frizzy, all aspects that depend on their section which can be circular (straight hair), oval (wavy hair) flat (frizzy hair).

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A Table Indicative of The Structure of The Hair:

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                                Thickness               Quality        Movement         

 

                                      Big                               Hard               Smooth

 

                                     Avarage                          Compact         Slightly wavy

 

                                      Thin                              Soft            Very odulated

                 

                                     Extremely thin                    Fragile              Curly

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We know that hair like hair is a proteinaceous fiber made up mainly of keratin, lipids, minerals and pigments.

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Keratin is a fibrous protein made up of polymers that form amino acids.

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The firmness and structure of the hair depend on the bonds of the keratin structure.

 

When a hair is natural, that is, it is not chemically treated and is treated properly, it is very resistant.

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For example a natural hair has a resistance ranging from 60 to 110 g while a strongly treated hair has a resistance ranging from 35 to 50 g.

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PROPERTIES OF THE HAIR:

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Shape: Cylindrical (smooth), Oval (wavy), Flattened.

 Depends on the shape of the follicle

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Composition: Keratin (carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen and sulfur)

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Intensity: Whole hair 80/150 thousand hairs (red 80/100 thousand, brown 100/130 thousand and blond 120/150 thousand)

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Color: Melanin

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Resistance: Natural Hair 60/110 g

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Elasticity:  Dry hair 25% Wet hair 100%

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Hygrometric degree: the hair absorbs moisture from the air

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Porosity: a hair immersed in water swells and increases its volume.

   Porosity increases after chemical treatments.

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Mary

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